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Facts and Background  The ruling came in the writ petition whereby Petitioner's father, a retired deputy registrar (a government servant/pensioner), was undergoing treatment at private hospitals in Lucknow and died during the course of treatment. Petitioner as a legal heir, submitted a claim for reimbursement of the medical expenses incurred. The concerned department rejected the claim on technical grounds, primarily arguing that: Under the Uttar Pradesh Government Servants (Medical Attendance) Rules, 2011, only the “beneficiary” (i.e., the employee or pensioner themselves) is eligible to claim reimbursement. The succession certificate produced by Petitioner mentioned a ₹5,000 limit, which the department said further disqualified him.   Court Held A Division Bench rejected the department’s stand. The court held that: Legal heirs cannot be denied the right to claim medical reimbursement merely because the beneficiary (the employee/pensioner) has died or is unable to file the cl...

INTRODUCTION The Allahabad High Court recently ruled that a daughter-in-law has no legal obligation to maintain her parents-in-law under maintenance laws. FACTS AND BACKGROUND   An elderly couple (parents of a deceased son, a policeman who died in 2021) filed a petition seeking maintenance from their widowed daughter-in-law. They emphasized a moral obligation on her part. The family court rejected their claim, and the High Court dismissed their criminal revision petition against that order.   OBSERVATIONS OF THE COURT   The right to claim maintenance under Section 144 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita - BNSS (erstwhile Sec 125 CrPC) is a statutory right limited strictly to the categories of persons explicitly mentioned in the provision. Eligible claimants includes: wife, children, and parents (of the person from whom maintenance is sought). Parents-in-law do not fall within this list. The legislature did not intend to impose liability for maintenance on a daughter...

INTRODUCTION In a recent judgment, a division bench of Chhattisgarh High Court quashed an FIR and all related criminal proceedings against the husband in a matrimonial dispute. The court explicitly observed: “Considering that the dispute is purely personal in nature and does not affect public peace or societal interest, and in light of the principles laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court with regard to quashing of criminal proceedings arising out of matrimonial disputes on the basis of compromise, further considering that the possibility of conviction is very remote and bleak, this Court is of the view that continuation of the proceedings would be an exercise in futility and would amount to abuse of the process of law.” Background and Facts of the Case The couple got married on 28 December 2021 and lived in Mumbai. The wife (complainant) alleged that her husband indulged in regular mental and physical torture, harassment, and cruelty. Specific allegations included:  Habitual drink...

Introduction    District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission in Thrissur, Kerala (India), held AirAsia India Limited liable for deficiency in service and unfair trade practices. Facts and Background In this matter, a passenger's flight was cancelled by the airline for operational reasons. Under applicable rules (including those from India's Directorate General of Civil Aviation or DGCA, and the Consumer Protection Act), passengers are typically entitled to a full refund in such cases, and many airlines (including low-cost carriers like AirAsia) are expected to process automatic refunds promptly without requiring manual claims in straightforward cancellations. However, AirAsia failed to issue an automatic refund for the ticket amount (which was ₹2,983). The passenger made repeated attempts to obtain the refund but faced ongoing issues and harassment, ultimately having to approach the consumer forum to recover even this small sum. This caused financial loss, inconvenience, a...

INTRODUCTION Supreme Court recently held a photocopy of a document is no evidence in the eyes of law—refers to a principle reiterated by the Supreme Court of India in recent judgments, particularly emphasized in a ruling reported around early February 2026. Facts   A civil appeal involving a disputed sale based on a photocopied Power of Attorney, the Court clearly stated: “A photocopy of a document is no evidence unless the same is proved by following the procedure set out.” This aligns with longstanding Indian evidence law under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (now largely carried forward into the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, effective from July 1, 2024), but the recent affirmation has been widely discussed in legal circles. Observations   Under Indian law: Primary evidence → The original document itself (Section 62 / equivalent in new law). Secondary evidence → Includes photocopies / certified copies / other copies (Section 63), but admissible only under specific conditi...

INTRODUCTION   The District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, Ernakulam (Kerala) recently ruled in a case where a car dealer unfairly retained a booking advance after a consumer cancelled due to indefinite delivery delays. This was deemed a deficiency in service and an unfair trade practice under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. Facts and Background  The Complainant booked a Mahindra Thar in July 2022 and paid an advance of ₹21,000 to the dealer. Due to prolonged and indefinite delays in delivery, he followed up multiple times and eventually cancelled the booking, requesting a refund. The dealer refused to return the amount despite repeated requests. Observations  The Commission, along with members, ordered the dealer (opposite parties) to: Refund the booking advance of ₹21,000 along with 12% interest per annum from the date of booking until realization/payment. Pay ₹15,000 as compensation for the mental agony, hardship, and inconvenience caused to the consumer. P...

INTRODUCTION The Madras High Court, in a judgment dated June 4, 2025, ruled that unsubstantiated allegations of sexual harassment leveled by a wife against her husband and father-in-law constitute mental cruelty, providing sufficient grounds for divorce under Section 13(1)(i-a) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.  Facts and Background   The couple married in September 2015 and had a son in July 2016. Marital disputes arose soon after, leading the husband to file for divorce in October 2017, alleging that the wife had lived with him for only about 51 days over the first two years of marriage, frequently returned to her parental home, was quarrelsome, verbally abusive, belittled his rural background, and imposed unreasonable demands such as requiring him to return home by 5 p.m. despite his job at an engineering college. He also claimed she threatened suicide and false dowry allegations,and forced him to resign from his job to join an IT company. The wife countered by filing for re...

Introduction A recent ruling by the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission–VI in New Delhi ordered a flight company to pay a total of ₹1.5 lakh in compensation related to poor service on a Delhi to New York flight. Facts and Background  Complainant and his daughter boarded the flight economy class tickets for the Delhi–New York–Delhi route in September 2023. The passengers described the experience as a "nightmare" or "horrible," alleging:   - Broken/uncomfortable seats.   - Malfunctioning in-flight entertainment systems.   - Unhygienic washrooms.   - Poor quality food service.   - Unresponsive or callous cabin crew. The complainant sought a full refund of the ticket price (around ₹3.18 lakh) plus ₹10 lakh in compensation for mental agony and harassment. Decision   The commission found deficiency in service by Air India, as the airline failed to provide basic facilities expected for the fare paid, causing mental agony and harassment. Air India ...

INTRODUCTION The North Goa District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission recently ruled in favor of a complainant in a case against a Furniture Company. Facts and Background The issue involved failure to deliver a bed set within the promised timeframe, along with providing misleading information about dispatch status. The complainant had paid a sum of Rs. 88,200/- for the furniture order, which was later cancelled due to the non-delivery. Decision The commission found the furniture company for guilty of deficiency in service and unfair trade practices under the Consumer Protection Act and furniture company was directed to refund the full amount of ₹88,200 to the complainant for the cancelled order. The company was also directed to pay ₹30,000 as compensation for the mental agony, harassment, and inconvenience caused to the complainant. The proceedings were ordered to be closed after compliance. This decision was reported around late January 2026 highlighting the company's failure...

INTRODUCTION   The recent case decided by the Singapore High Court (Family Division) which involved the dissolution of a 37-year marriage. This judgment, delivered in late 2025, has been highlighted for providing clear guidance on how the Family Justice Courts handle long marriages, particularly regarding the classification of the marriage type, division of matrimonial assets (including dealing with disputed or hidden assets), drawing adverse inferences, and claims for spousal maintenance. Facts and Background   The parties were married for approximately 37 years. The case centered on ancillary matters after interim judgment for divorce: division of matrimonial assets and the wife's claim for maintenance. The husband was the primary breadwinner (single-income earner), while the wife was a homemaker, contributing indirectly through homemaking and family care. The court classified it as a long single-income marriage.  This is significant because Singapore courts apply diffe...